SPORTING EVENTS, ECONOMIC IMPACT AND REGULATION
The globalization of the economy has encompassed the various markets of the sports economy for the past two decades. Major sporting events have become totally global , whether they involve national teams, sports clubs or individual athletes. Ultimately, any sporting event can become global once it is broadcast on television. This es t in this context that crucial relationship s e are tied are among the sports economy publicized and marketed one hand and on the other hand, marketing, communication and management of sport .
The first relationship is that , per our providing excellent support of communication, marketing and sponsorship, sports show must be seen by an audience of maximum size, possibly millions or billions (cumulative audience) viewers. This is only possible when the sport is broadcast to millions of viewers. The old derivative product (televised sport) has become the main product, the sport seen in the stadiums becoming the secondary product, at least in the budgets of competitions, leagues and mediated sports clubs. A second relationship l ie the sporting event and image that brands of particular products and firms that produce them. Here, not only the publicized nature of the sport matters, but also the quality of the spectacle and the images offered to the sponsors and the spectators. Good economic sense could lead one to believe that the competition will by itself select the best sports shows (events) offered and that it will encourage each organizer to constantly improve their quality to face the competition. An in-depth economic analysis (in 3 ) shows that this is not always the case . This q ui leads to evidence that a r EGULATION is essential to producing sporting events of sufficient quality for they attract demand s fans, but especially that of s spectators [2] to s viewers of s sponsors and other financiers sport.
After the economic globalization of sport ( 1 ), c e Chapter This e of important factors qua lity of the sporting event - uncertainty , predictability, attractiveness[3] ( 2 ) - which has an impact on the sales of sports shows and, beyond that, on those of sponsorship products and on the financing of sport. Of regulations diverse acted ssent according to the type of competition (single-sport or multi-sport elimination tournament or championship), organization (in league sports), the distribution of financial income e etween competitors (clubs), the recruitment of athletes and their trans fers, particularly of years the art professional sports , and the rules in force in a given sport. The impact of the various regulatory instruments strongly depends on the nature of the sporting event considered. [4] . The latter can organize the confrontation of (almost) the whole of sport between nations ( Olympic Games), of all the national teams in a given sport ( Football World Cup), of the best sports clubs of each nation. participant ( Champions League ). It may simply be a national sporting event, but we retain one that media coverage tends to globalize (the championship of the main professional football leagues in Europe). On this last, using examples, the e need of an e regulation on sports rules ( 4 ) , on the financial disparities between competitors ( 5 ) and on the assignment rules (and work ) sports talents ( 6 ) facing some current problems of the four aforementioned competitions.
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