امثلة على cleft sentences

 cleft sentences
امثلة على cleft sentences
cleft sentences exercises
امثلة على قاعدة cleft sentences
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Cleft Sentences :
1. He has written many books , but his final book made him famous all over the world .
He has written many books, but it --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. The Olympic Games were held in London in 2012 CE. The event -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3. The Egyptians built the pyramids. It -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built in 784 CE by Abd al-Rahman I. ( passive)
The person ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The mosque ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. I would like to go to London next year.
What -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Queen Rania opened the Children’s Museum of Jordan in 2007 CE.
It was ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Huda won the prize for art last year.
The prize-------------------------------------------------------The time------------------------------------------------------------
8. I stopped working at 11 p.m.
It was-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. My father has influenced me most.
The person----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. I like Geography most of all.
The subject----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. The heat made the journey unpleasant.
It was-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Al-Jazari invented the mechanical clock in the twelfth century.
The person ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
13. Al-Kindi contributed to the invention of the oud.
The person -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. Taha Hussein is especially famous for his work in literature .
It is ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2016
15. My neighbours' generosity impresses me more than anything else.
The thing that ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
16. The Second World War ended in 1945 in Europe .
The year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2018
17. I would like to visit Petra next month.
What ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2018
Sami (who) studied English (which) in Amman (where) in 1996. (when ) ( in which)
The person who --------------------------------------------------- ( is – was ) + Sami
The thing which ------------------------------------------------- ( is – was ) + a car The place where ------------------------------------------------- ( is – was ) + Amman
The time / year / day when ---------------------------------------- ( is – was ) + yesterday
The way in which ------- / The reason why ----------
Sami ( is– was ) the person who
English ( is– was ) the thing which / that
Amman ( is – was ) the place where + باقي الجملة باستثناء الجزء المكتوب / المحدد
1996 ( is –was ) the time when
It ( is –was –) Sami who
It ( is –was –) English which
It ( is –was –) Amman where that + باقي الجملة باستثناء الجزء المكتوب / المحدد
It ( is –was –) 1996 when
What + ------------------------------------------------------------ + ( is - was ) + الاسم المحدد
23. Relative Clauses : ( who / which / that / where / when / whose )
Defining clauses : Necessary to the meaning of the sentence . e.g. : There are many animals which have four legs
Non-defining clauses : Add extra information - Not necessary - ( has a comma after the main clause . )
e.g. : Ali , who lives in Aqaba , is my friend .
Relative words Sentences
1. Who : Ahmad , Salma , the person , the man , the scientist I told you about the man who lives next door .2019
2. which / that : the thing , the car , the lion , the event Do you see the tiger which is lying on the roof ?
3. whose : the man whose + n I met the man whose daughter is a doctor
4. Where : the place where / Amman where + n +v / Amman which + V The city where we met Ali is very beautiful .
5 . W h e n : the time / year / day / period / week I remember the day when we entered the school.
1. London is a huge city. It’s the capital of the UK.
London--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Ibn Sina's friends advised him to relax. They were worried about his health.
Ibn Sina's friends, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. The students ----------------- cleaned the street are from our school. ( which - who - when - whose ) 2018
4. The prize --------------------- Huda won last year was for Art . ( when - where - which - who ) 2018
5. The person -------------------- has influenced me most is my father. ( when - where - which - who ) 2019
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Make correct sentences about the future :
1. He / hope / become a teacher one day . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. I / intend / apply for a job when I finish university . ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Many hospitals / plan / use robots to help nurses in the future . --------------------------------------------------------------
4. How / you / intend / solve the problem ? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Our school / hope / raise enough money to build a new library . -------------------------------------------------------------
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grammar
( for + time ) - استخدامات مختلفة لبعض كلمات القواعد
1. has / have + v3 - He ------------------------------------------- for three hours . ( study )
2. has / have + been + V-ing - He ------------------------------------------- for three hours . ( be , study )
3. had been + V-ing , V2 - After he ------------------------------------ for three hours , he slept. ( be , study )
4. will have + V3 - Next month, my parents -------------------------------- married for 20 years. ( be )
( By + time ) - استخدامات مختلفة لبعض كلمات القواعد
- By 1985, some schools ----------------------------------- laptops. ( use )
- By 1985, some schools ----------------------- laptops for along time. ( be,use )
B y + time (past) , had + V3
By + time (past) , had been + V-ing
- By 2020, some schools ----------------------------------- smartphones . ( use )
By + time (future) , will have + V3
- By the time we arrived , the train --------------------------------------. ( leave )
- By the time we arrived , the train ---------------------------------for an hour. (be, wait)
By the time + v2 , had + v3
By the time + v2 , had been + V-ing
- By the time we arrive , the train --------------------------------------. ( leave )
By the time + v1 , will have + v3
( When ) - استخدامات مختلفة لبعض كلمات القواعد
- I ---------------------------------- TV when she called. ( watch )
1. was / were + V-ing .. when.. + V2
- Ali -------------------- about his friend when he received a text from him . (be, think)
2. had been + V-ing .. when .. + V2
Plural nouns : people - children - men - mice -police - feet - women - oxen - youth –teeth - fish - cattle
Singular : news – a number - information - government - family - team
Complete the sentences so that they mean the same as the ones above them :
1. How much sleep do teenagers of our age need ? Do you know ------------------------------------------------------------ ?
2. Is it possible to improve your memory ? Do you know ------------------------------------------------------------?
3 . Can you suggest a healthy breakfast ? Do you mind -------------------------------------------------------------?
4. Please help me to plan my revision. Do you mind -------------------------------------------------------------?
5. What should I do on the day before the exam ? Do you mind -------------------------------------------------------------?
6. Does the exam start at ten or half past ten ? ----------------- wheather --------------------------------------------------- ?
7. Could you explain the best way to revise ? I wonder -----------------------------------------------------------------?
8. How much revision should I do ? Could you tell me -------------------------------------------------------?
9. What kind of books do bookshops sell ? Could ----------------------------------------------------------------------?
10. Could you explain what you mean by "mnemonics"? What ---------------------------------------------------------------?
11. Do you know how much sleep a teenager needs ? How -----------------------------------------------------------------?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
المبني للمجھول الغیرشخصي 25 The Impersonal Passive
24 Indirect Questions
Questions is introduced with ( what , where , why , who , when , how , how much , … etc. ).
Could you tell me … ? I wonder …………. .
Do you know ..? ( If ) كما ھي في جملة الحل واذا لم توجد في السؤال نضع ( Wh - How ) ١. نضع
Do you mind telling me ..? تحذف ونكمل باقي الجملة كما ھي ( do) .٢
Could you explain .? s –es... تحذف ویضاف للفعل ( does ) .٣
تحذف ویحول الفعل للماضي ( did ) .٤
نعكس الفاعل مع الفعل المساعد ثم نكمل الجملة - ملاحظة : لا یتغیر زمن الجملة او الضمائر او الظروف ( do-does-did ) ٥. اذا لم یوجد في الجملة
Can you suggest ……….. ? ( V+ing ) نحول الفعل الرئیسي الى ( Yes / No ) مع اسئلة ( Do you mind … ) ٦. استخدام
Where is …………… ?. ( Do you mind telling me + wh ………… ) تصبح ( Wh-Q ) مع اسئلة ( Do you mind … ) ٧. استخدام
( Do you mind explaining why …………. ) تصبح ( Why ) مع اسئلة ( Do you mind … ) ٨. استخدام
When does the lesson end ? Do you know when the lesson ends ?
Is this the right bus for the school ? Could you tell me if /whether this is the right bus for the school?
المبني للمعلوم Active Sentences المبني للمجھول الغیر شخصي Impersonal Passive
We can use the impersonal passive with: expect – expected
(say = said , think = thought , claim = claimed , believe = believed , prove = proved , know – known, assume - assumed
كفاعل في البدایة . ٢. نحول الفعل الاول للمبني للمجھول ویبقى باقي الجملة كما ھي : it ١.نضع
- Scientists say that dolphins are highly intelligent . - It is said that dolphins are highly intelligent
3. The impersonal passive can also be used with ( object + infinitive ) :
حسب القواعد التالیة : ( to ) مباشرة . ٣. نحول الفعل الثاني بعد كلمة ( to ) كفاعل اول . ٢. نحول الفعل الاول للمبني للمجھول ثم نضیف كلمة ( that ) ١. نبدأ بالفاعل الثاني بعد
- They believe that the story is true . - The story is believed to be true.
تحویل الفعل الاول للمبني للمجھول ( to) تحویل الفعل الثاني بعد كلمة
V1 / V+s ------------ ( am – is – are ) + V3 V1 / V+s --------------------------------------------- V-inf.
V2 ------------------- ( was – were ) + V3 am, is, are---------------------------------------- be
will , can, must , has to , used to ------ ( will , used to + be ) + V3 was, were --------------------------------------- have been
has / have + V3 ------------ ( has / have + been ) + V3 V2 / has +V3 / have + V3 / had +V3 ------------ have +V3
am, is, are, was, were + V-ing ---- ( am ,is ,are,was,were ) + being +V3 will + V-inf. ------------------------------------ V- inf.
doesn't + V / don't + V ----------------- ( am not ,is not ,are not ) + V3 am not , is not , are not ----------------------------- not to be
التحویل العكسي
( that ) ٢. نحضر الفاعل الموجود في الجملة قبل الفعل المساعد ونضعھ بعد كلمة . ( to ) ١. نحذف الكلمات من الفعل المساعد الى كلمة
الى حالتھ الاصلیة ٤. اذا لم یكن فعل المبني للمجھول محول الى المعلوم ... نحولھ اولا ثم نبدأ بالخطوات السابقة ( to ) ٢. نعید الفعل المحول بعد كلمة
- The brain is said to be good like a computer. - Scientists say that-------------------------------------------------------
Use the impersonal passive to report the following sentences :
1. People claim that Speaking a foreign language improves the functionality of your brain.
Speaking a foreign language, ---------------------- , improves the functionality of your brain. ( claim )
2. People believe that language learning can also improve your decision-making skills.
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Language learning -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. People think that we only use a small percentage of our brain power.
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. People believe that solving puzzles keeps the brain active.
It --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Solving puzzles --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Experts have proved that exercise is good for concentration.
It -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exercise -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Exercise has been proved to be good for concentration by experts.
Experts have proved that--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. People don't believe that making exercise makes them happy .
Making exercise ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Scientists proved that making exercise doesn't make people feel sad .
Making exercise ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. People believe that eating almonds reduces the risk of heart disease . 2016
Eating almonds --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Doing regular exercise is believed to reduce the risk of several diseases. 2016
People believe that ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. They assumed that the last Olympic Games were a great success. 2017
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Experts have proved that eating fresh vegetables is good for the stomach. 2017
Eating fresh vegetables --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. My English teacher says that English clubs are essential for learning English well. 2018
English clubs --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
26 Wish = If only
Rule Wish – If only : ( express regrets about the past )
I slept too long. I wish I hadn't slept….
V2 ------------------------------------------------- hadn't + V3
didn't + V-inf. ---------------------------------- had + V3 I didn't do ……. If only I had done ….
wasn't – weren't ---------------------------------- had been I wasn't successful. I wish I had been ….
Rule Wish – If only : ( express wishes about the present )
We live in a small flat I wish we didn't live ……
V1 / V-s --------------------------------------- didn't + V-inf.
don't / doesn't + V-inf. --------------------------------- V2 I don't know the answer. I wish I knew the answer.
He is far from here. He wishes he weren't far
He is not tall enough. He wishes he were taller.
am / is / are ----------------------------------------- weren't
am not / isn't / aren't ----------------------------------- were
I regret being angry -------- I wish I hadn't been angry.
I regret not being happy. ---- I wish I had been happy.
He should have been careful. – He wishes he had been ….
He shouldn't have been careless. He wishes he hadn't been ..
regret + V-ing ---------------------------------- hadn't + V3
regret + not + V-ing --------------------------- had + V3
should have + V3 ------------------------------ had + V3
shouldn't have + V3 --------------------------- hadn't + V3
تحویل الافعال
can couldn't can't could
will wouldn't won't would
am - is - are weren't have + V3 / has + V3 hadn't + V3
V1 / Vs-es didn't + inf. have to / has to = V1 didn't have to
am - is - are weren't have / has = V1 didn't have
am not - is not - are not were must - mustn't hadn't to - had to
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Ali did not pass his exams. If only he ----------------------- harder last year. (study)
2. Ziad is not very good at basketball. He wishes he ------------------------- taller! ( be ) 3. We didn't catch the earlier bus. We’re late. If only we ---------------------- the earlier bus. ( catch)
4. Our flat is very small. If only we ---------------------- in a big house. ( live )
5. Jaber isn’t old enough to drive a car. He wishes he -------------------------- older. ( be )
6. I wish I ------------------------------------ English better when I was younger. (learn)
7. I regret that I made an accident. I wish I --------------------- fast. (not drive)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Read the situations and complete the sentences :
1. Sultan forgot to do his Science homework.
If only he -------------------------------------------------------- to do it.
2. Nahla could not find her way round the city very easily.
If only she --------------------------------------------------------- a map.
3. Oh no! I’ve forgotten my library book. I left it at home.
I wish I ------------------------------------------------------------------- .
4. Our team didn’t play very well yesterday.
If only they ------------------------------------------------------- better.
5. I regret going to bed late last night.
I wish I -------------------------------------------------------------earlier.
6. Nader should have been more careful with his essay. He didn’t get a good mark. (wishes)
Nader wishes ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. 2016
7. I regret living abroad for a long time . (wish )
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2016
8. I regret speaking aloud in my class . (wish )
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
9. Mohammad didn't consult his career advisor, so he felt sorry. (wish )
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Use the prompts and write sentences with ( I wish and If only ).
1. I’m cold. I wish I ------------------------------------------------------------------- . ( bring a coat)
2. We’re late. If only -------------------------------------------------------------------- . ( get up earlier )
3. I feel ill. If only -------------------------------------------------------------------- . ( not eat so many sweets )
4. Fadi has lost his wallet. I wish ------------------------------------------------------ . ( be more careful )
5. Huda was too busy to visit us yesterday. I wish she------------------------------ . ( be able to come )
6. I’ve broken my watch. If only ----------------------------------------------------- . ( not drop it )
7. I am very hungry! I wish I ------------------- before I went to the conference. ( not eat )
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Choose the correct answer :
1. Ziad is not very good at basketball. He wishes he --------- taller! ( is / were / was )
2. I can’t do this exercise. I wish I --------- it. ( understood / understand / understanding)
3. Mr Haddad does not understand the Chinese businessman.
If only he -------------------- Chinese. ( speak / spoke / had spoken)
4. Jordan needs to import a lot of oil.
If only it --------------------------- larger oil reserves. ( has / had / had had )
5. If only I ----------------- lost my ticket! ( haven’t / didn’t / hadn’t )
6. I always have to get home early. I wish my parents ------------------------ me stay out later. 2018
( lets / won't let / would let / will let )
I didn't wake up early and I missed my bus. I wish I ------------------------ early. 2018
( wake up / wakes up / had waken up / have waken up)
27. Conditional Sentences
If Clause - Zero Main Clause حقیقة ثابتة لا تتغیر
Subject + simple present ( a fact ) ( V1 / Vs-es / don't – doesn't )
be = am , is , are ( he , she , it + V-s / es )
(not be ) = am not , isn't , aren't ( I , we , you , they + V1 )
If + S + Simple Present
( V1 / Vs-es / don't – doesn't )
be = am , is , are / (not be ) = am not , isn't , aren't
1. If you boil water , it ------------------------------. (evaporate)
2. If plants ----------------- enough sunlight, they die. (not , get)
3. Water -------------------- to ice if the temperature falls below zero. (turn)
4. If you push this button , the video -------------------- . (play)
5.You get a huge feeling of satisfaction when you know that people --------- everything you translate. (understand)
6.When you --------------------- water to 100°C, it boils. (heat)
7.Do you usually go home or meet your friends when school ---------------- ? (finish)
8.If you ---------------------- the plants, they die. (not water)
9.During Ramadan, we eat when the sun ------------------- . ( set )
10.Ice cream melts when it ----------------------- warm.. ( get)
11.Plants die if they ----------------------------- enough sunlight. (not , get) 2017
21. Rawan always takes her mobile when she -------------------------- ( go out ) 2017
If Clause - I Main Clause محتمل الحدوث
Subject + will / won't ( modals ) + infinitive
'll / will not
be = will be / (not be ) = won't be
If + S + Simple Present
( V1 / Vs-es / don't – doesn't )
be = am , is , are / (not be ) = am not , isn't , aren't
1. provided that - unless - as long as - Even if ولكن المعنى مختلف if ادوات اخرى لھا نفس قاعدة
حتى لو طالما اذا لم – ما لم بشرط ان
1. If Sami studies hard , he ---------------------- all his exams . (pass)
2. If you -------------an interview for a job in pharmaceuticals, you will need to show real enthusiasm for the industry. (get)
3. I’ll buy the book if / provided tha t /as long as it ------------- too expensive. (not be)
4. I --------------------- it if it is too expensive . (not, buy)
5. If Sami studies hard , he ------------------ all his exams . (pass)
6. Unless you have a language degree, you ---------------- able to become an interpreter. (not be)
7. If you get an interview for a job, you ------------------- to show that you have good listening skills. (need)
8. If you are successful, it ---------------------- a secure and rewarding job. (be)
9. When you arrive at the station next Saturday, we ---------------- there to meet you. (be)
10. Nasser will come out with us tomorrow unless he -----------------help his father. ( have to)
11. I ---------------- you with your homework, as long as you help me with mine! ( help)
12. Provided that it ----------------- , we will have a picnic next week. (not rain)
13. If you win the prize, how -------------- you ------------ the money? (spend)
14. Even if Omar ----------- his driving test this afternoon, he won't have his own car. (pass)
15. You will not pass your exams unless you --------------------- hard. (study)
16. Your new computer will last a long time as long as you --------------- careful with it. (be)
17. I ----------------------- you if I miss the bus. (phone)
18. We’ll go to our favourite restaurant on Friday unless it ----------------- closed. ( be )
19. I will take the job offer provided that it------ part-time – I haven’t finished my university studies yet.. ( be)
20. We have to go to school even if we ---------------- tired. ( be)
21. We ------------------ umbrellas if it rains (need)
22. The teacher ----------------- pleased if I write a good essay. (be)
23. Provided that everyone ------------------- hard, we’ll all pass our exams.. (work)
24. Babies --------------------- usually happy unless they’re hungry or cold. (be)
25. We should always be polite even if we --------------------- tired. (feel)
26. Rawan always takes her mobile when she -------------------------- ( go out ) 2017
27. Ali will be upset, If you ------------------------ him to your party. ( not, invite ) 2018
6. You won't get a job in France unless you ---------------------- French.
a. speak b. speaks c. is speaking d. spoke 2018
3. The Third conditional ( Type 3 ) : The third sequence refers to a condition which was not met in the past :
If Clause – Type 3 Main Clause - الخیال
S + would have / could have / might have (not ) + P.P ( V3 )
ربما كان من الممكن - قدرة تاكد ( less sure )
If + S + had + P.P ( V3 )
hadn't + PP (V3)
1. I --------------------------- the job if I had had some experience. (get)
2. If you had done the course, you ------------------------- enough experience to apply for the job. (had)
3. If Huda ------------- ill yesterday, she wouldn’t have missed the exam. ( not be)
4. If my father had gone to university, he -------------------- a teacher. ( can be)
5. Jameel might not have become a musician if his parents ----------------------- him. ( not encourage)
Read the situations and complete the sentences with the third conditional, using the word in brackets.
Sentence ( Fact ) If Clause ( Imagination )
1. If + S + hadn't V3 …..…., S + would / could (might) have + V3
2. If + S + had V3 …….…., S + would / could (might) not + have + V3
3. If + S + had V3 ……..…., S + would / could (might) have + V3
4. If + S + hadn't + V3 …...., S + would / could (might) not + have + V3
1. S + V2 …. , so + didn't + V-inf
2. S + didn't + V-inf , so + V2 ….
3. S + didn't + v-inf , so + didn't + V-inf
4. S + V2 . S + V2
1. Saeed left his camera at home, so he wasn’t able to take pictures of the parade. (could)
If Saeed hadn’t left his camera at home, he could have taken pictures of the parade.
If Saeed hadn’t left his camera at home, he could have been able to take pictures of the parade.
2. I had a headache yesterday, and I didn’t do well in the Maths test. (might)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. I didn’t know your phone number, so I wasn’t able to contact you. (could)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. You had a brightly-coloured T-shirt on. That’s how I noticed you in the crowd. (might not)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. I worked really hard the day before the exam. I got top marks. (might not)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. I didn't stay at home that day, so I didn't miss the celebration. (would)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. My friend invited me to the library, so I went. (would not )
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Saleem left his wallet at home, so he wasn’t able to purchase his necessary items. (could) 2016
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. I studied really hard the day before the final exams. I achieved the first rank in my class. (might not) 2016
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Sami didn't apply immedietly for the scholarship, so he didn't get it . ( if , could ) 2016
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Marwan worked really hard the day before the exam. He got top marks. ( if / might not) 2017
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. The company didn't know your phone number, so they weren't able to contact you. ( if / might) 2017
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Change the following sentences into facts :
( hadn't + V3 = V2 ) / ( wouldn't , couldn't , mightn't have + V3 = V2 )
( had + V3 = didn't + V-inf. ) / ( would , could , might have + V3 = didn't + V-inf. )
1. If I hadn’t come to this school, I could have taken English.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. If I hadn’t grown up in this city, I might have learnt French.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Using "Unless" : ( Unless = If …… not ) ( عدد الافعال المنفیة في جملة السؤال والجواب نفس العدد ( نفي النفي اثبات
Sentence If Clause
1. Unless + S + Vi/Vs …..…., S + won't + V-inf.
2. Unless + S + V1/Vs..…….., S + won't + V-inf.
3. Unless + S + V1/Vs..…….., S + will + V-inf.
1. If + V1/Vs …. , S + will +V-inf
2. If + S+ doesn't/don't + v-inf , S + won't
3. If + S+ doesn't/don't + v-inf , S + will
1. If you study hard, you will pass your exam. Unless ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2. If you don't water the plants, they will die . Unless ----------------------------------------------------------------------
3. If I don't write a good essay, the teacher won't be pleased. Unless ------------------------------------------------------
4. If our team wins the match, they won't leave the stadium. Unless ------------------------------------------------------
6. Unless you study hard, you won't succeed. If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7. Unless you are clever, you will fail. If ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. If I travel a lot, I will buy many things. Even if ----------------------------------------------------------------------
9. I’ll buy the book if it isn’t too expensive. Even if ----------------------------------------------------------------------
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Choose the correct answer :
1. ------------------- you heat water to 100°C, it boils. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
2. You will not pass your exams ----------- you study hard. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
3 . ----------- you don't water the plants, they will die. ( If , unless , when , even if )
4. Do you usually go home or meet your friends -------- school finishes. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
5. Your new computer will last a long time -------you are careful with it. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
6. Ice cream melts -------------it gets warm. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
7. We need umbrellas -------------- it rains. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
8. The teacher will be pleased ----------- I write a good essay. ( if , unless , when , even if )
9. Our team will celebrate --------- they win the match. ( if , unless , when , even if )
10. --------------- everyone works hard, we’ll all pass our exams. (Provided that , Unless , When , Even if )
11. Babies are usually happy --------- they’re hungry or cold. (as long as – provided that – unless – if ) 2018
12. We should always be polite ---------- we feel tired. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
13. During Ramadan, Muslims eat ------------ the sun sets. (as long as , unless , when , even if ) 2018
14. I'll phone you ------------I miss the bus , so that you pick. ( if , unless , when , even if )
15. We'll go out to our favourite restaurant ------------ it's closed. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
16. I'll take the job offer ------ it's part time – I haven't finished my university studies yet (provided that , unless , when , even if )
17. We have to go to school ---------- we're tired. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Writing – Using pronouns :
Function : We use pronouns as ways to link paragraphs and ideas.
The following advice about preparing for exams was given by our teacher. He should know- as he
has taken so many of them in his life ! He said, "It is not a good idea to study late at night. This is
because your brain is tired then, and it is unlikely to retain the information as well. The best time to
study is early in the morning. That is when you feel most awake."
He : our teacher
Many of them : exams
This : the reason why you shouldn't study late at night
It : the brain
That : early in the morning
1. The best time to study is early in the morning. That is when you feel most awake. 2016
What is the function of using the pronoun that in the above sentence ? ……………….. link ideas
2. My computer isn't working. Can you have a look at ------------------------ . 2018
( him , her , it , them )
28 Quantifiers to make comparisons الكمیات لعمل المقارنة
the most X the least
the most X the fewest
more X fewer
more X less
better X worse
farther X nearer
poorer X richer
hotter X colder
later X earlier
longer X shorter
faster X slower
taller X shorter
bigger X smaller
cheaper X more expensive
easier X more difficult
tall ( short adjective ) taller than - (er – than ) The tallest - ( The – est )
expensive ( long adjective ) more expensive than The most expensive
be + as …..adj.…...as / V + as ….adv…as as much / many + ……as
(as ….. as ) الى (more ) - التحویل من
: Ali في بدایة الجملة بدل Ahmad اذا بدأ السؤال بعكس الاسماء اي بوضع : (as ….. as ) الى (more ) - عند التحویل من
- اولا ننفي الفعل الموجود في الجملة :
حسب الفاعل الموجود في بدایة الجملة . doesn't او don't تصبح V +s -es / . وھكذا aren't تصبح are - isn't تصبح is -
ونكمل الجملة كما ھي . as كلمة than ثم نضع مكان كلمة as كلمة more - نضع مكان كلمة
دون اي تغییر في الجملة سوى عكس الاسماء او اقطاب الجملة less الى كلمة more - او نستطیع عند اعادة الكتابة تحویل كلمة
1. Ali's car is more expensive than Ahmad's. ………… Ahmad's car is less expensive than Ali's -
Ahmad's car isn't as expensive as Ali's - 2. Ali plays more quickly than Ahmad . …………………Ahmad plays less quickly than Ali.
Ahmad doesn't play as quickly as Ali
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
: (as ….. as ) الى ( er ) - التحویل من صفة مضاف لھا
: Ali في بدایة الجملة بدل Ahmad اذا بدأ السؤال بعكس الاسماء اي بوضع : (as ….. as ) الى (er ) - عند التحویل من
- اولا ننفي الفعل الموجود في الجملة :
V +s -es / . وھكذا aren't تصبح are - isn't تصبح is -
ونكمل الجملة كما ھي . as كلمة than المضافة للصفة ثم نضع مكان كلمة er بدل as - نضع كلمة
- او نستطیع عند اعادة الكتابة تحویل الصفة بان نحضر عكسھا دون اي تغییر في الجملة سوى عكس الاسماء او اقطاب الجملة
2. Ali is taller than Ahmad . ……………………………..Ahmad is shorter than Ali .
Ahmad isn't as tall as Ali
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
: ( more ) الى (as ….. as ) - التحویل من
: Omar في بدایة الجملة بدل Ahmad اذا بدأ السؤال بعكس الاسماء اي بوضع : (more ) الى (as ….. as ) - عند التحویل من
- اولا : الفعل الموجود في الجملة منفي یصبح مثبت ::
.V +s -es تحذف تحذف ونعید الفعل بعد ھما الى doesn't او don't / . وھكذا are تصبح aren't - is تصبح isn't -
ونكمل الجملة كما ھي . than كلمة as ثم نضع مكان كلمة more كلمة as - نضع مكان كلمة
دون اي تغییر في الجملة سوى عكس الاسماء او اقطاب الجملة less الى كلمة not as - او نستطیع عند اعادة الكتابة تحویل كلمة
1. Omar is not as generous as Ahmad……….. ………… Ahmad is more generous than Omar.
Omar is less generous than Ahmad . 3. Ali doesn't play as quickly as Omar. ……………..……Omar plays more quickly than Ali.
Ali plays less quickly than Omar.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
: ( er ) الى (as ….. as ) - التحویل من
: Ali في بدایة الجملة بدل Omar اذا بدأ السؤال بعكس الاسماء اي بوضع : (er ) الى (as ….. as ) - عند التحویل من
- اولا ننفي الفعل الموجود في الجملة :
وھكذا . are تصبح aren't - is تصبح isn't -
ونكمل الجملة كما ھي . than كلمة as الموجودة قبل الصفة ثم نضع مكان كلمة as ونحذف er - نضیف للصفة
- او نستطیع عند اعادة الكتابة بتحویل الصفة بان نحضر عكسھا دون اي تغییر في الجملة سوى عكس الاسماء او اقطاب الجملة
2. Ali isn't as tall as Omar. .. …………………………….. Omar is taller than Ali.
Ali is shorter than Omar.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
: ( as many ) و (as much ) استخدام
لا نغیر شیئ في الجملة ولا نبدل الاسماء ولكن ننفي الفعل قبل كلمة المقارنة : ( fewer – less ) على ( as much ) - (as many ) اذا دخلت
1. There are fewer houses in my village than in their village . ( as many )
There aren't as many houses in my village as in their village .
2. Ali has less water than Omar. ( as much ) Ali doesn't have as much water as Omar .
نبدل الاسماء وننفي الفعل قبل كلمة المقارنة : ( more ) على ( as much ) - (as many ) اذا دخلت
1. My brother eats more fast food than me . ( as much ) I don't eat as much fast food as my brother .
2. There are more people in Amman than in Zarka . ( as many ) There aren't as many people in Zarka as in Amman .
Rewrite the following sentences with ones that have similar meanings :
1. There is less information on the website than in the book. (as much)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. The cheapest thing on the menue is orange juice.
The least -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Neither Maths nor Science are as popular as English.
English --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Jordanian children start school a year later than English children.
English children ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Studying physics is not as popular as studying Biology in Britain .
Studying Biology --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. The electronic newspapers are not as acceptable as the ordinary ones.
The ordinary newspapers --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Not as many people applied for Law in 2014 CE as in 2013 CE.
In 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. 11 % more people applied for Engineering in 2014 CE than in 2013 CE.
Not as many people -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. No subject is more difficult than Physics.
Physics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. I don't eat as much fast food as my brother.
My brother ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. I can't run as fast as you .
You can -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. I haven't got as much homework as my brother.
My brother -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. There are not as many people in our class as yours .
There are more -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. I don't like running as much as I like swimming.
I like ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Students don't like doing Music and Art as much as they like doing Maths.
Students like -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Editing :
Imagine you are an editor in the Jordan Times. You are asked to edit the following lines that have four mistakes ( one
grammar mistake, one punctuation mistake and two spelling mistakes.) Find out these four mistakes and correct them.
1. b-p / c-k / j-g / s-t / i-e / s-z / o-u / f-v ركز على تبدیل الحروف التالیة في الكلمات
2.Capital letter , comma, full stop, question mark ( a-A / , / ? / : / ; )
3. One grammar mistake . (will have helped = will help)
Edit the following text. There are two grammar mistakes and three spelling mistakes. Find and correct them.
1. ------------------------------ 2. --------------------------- 3. --------------------------- 4. -------------------------
1. ------------------------------ 2. --------------------------- 3. --------------------------- 4. -------------------------
Edit the following text . There are two grammar mistakes and three punctuation mistakes
These days, many classrooms used a whitebourd as a computer screen. as a consequence, teachers can
show websites on the board in front of the class. Teachers can then use the internet to show educasional
programmes.
In the near future, a new ‘bionic eye’ will have helped people with failing eyesite to see again. A devise
inside the eye picks up an image from a small camera attached to a pair of sunglasses and send it to the
brian, which interprets it as vision.
Scientists will say that exercise is not only important for general fitness ; but that it also good for the brain , it helped
us concentrate better ? As a result , we perform better in exams .
Complete each of the following sentences :
منسوجات یدعم معدات صناعي امراض
( ailments - artificial - equipment - fund - textile )
1. My sister wants to be a fashion designer and work with ----------------------- .
2. Before the boys go climbing, they will go to a special shop to buy all the ------------------ that they need.
3. Old people tend to suffer from more -------------------- than younger people.
4. My parents have saved enough money to ------------------- our university courses.
Answers : 1. textile 2. equipment 3. ailments 4. Fund
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
جیل عقد فارة تابلت لابتوب نموذج مطور اخترع برنامج
( programs - invented - developed - models - laptop - tablet - mouse - decade - generation) 1. Modern computers can run a lot of ------------------ at the same time .
2. You can move around the computer screen using a ------------------- .
3. From 1990 CE to 2000 CE was a --------------------- .
4. A ----------------------- doesn't need a keyboard.
5. The television was first --------------------- by John Logie Baird .
1. programs 2. mouse 3. decade 4. tablet 5. Invented
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
عملیات حسابیة برنامج نموذج لابتوب تلفون ذكي
( smartphone - laptop - model - program - calculation) 1. Although they are pocket-sized, ---------------------s are powerful computers as well as phones.
2. My brother is learning how to write computer -------------------------- s.
3. I need to make a few -----------------------s before I decide how much to spend .
4. Mobile phones used to be huge. Early ---------------------s were as big as bricks!
5. I can close the lid of my ------------------------- and then put it in my bag.
1. smartphone - program - calculation - model - laptop
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
سبورة ذكیة تابلت وسائل التواصل تبادل الایمیلات مدونة
( blog - email exchange - social media - tablet computer - whiteboard ) 1. Record interviews with people. ----------------------
2. Share information with students in another country. ------------------------
3. Watch educational programs in class. ----------------------
4. Ask another student to check your homework. ----------------------
5. Write an online diary. ----------------------
1. tablet computer 2. email exchange 3. whiteboard 4. social media 5. Blog
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
علاج تكمیلي مشكك علاج تقلیدي غریب متاح
viable - alien - conventional - sceptical - complementary
1. I don’t really believe that story – I’m very _________________ . .
2. Doctors often treat infections with antibiotics; that is the ______________ approach.
3. Medicines that are not the normal, traditionally accepted treatments are known as ___________. .
4. Another way of saying that something could be successful is to say it is _________________. .
5. If something seems very strange, we sometimes say it is ___________________.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
معاقین اعراض علماء فلك عملیات حسلبیة
( calculations - astronomers - symptoms - disabilities )
1. If you don't feel well, you should describe your -------------------- to the doctor.
2. A telescope enables --------------------- to observe the stars.
3. It's often impossible for people with ---------------------- to climb stairs.
4. In our Maths exam , we have to write down our ------------------- as well as the answers.
Answers : symptoms - astronomers - disabilities - calculations
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ضد الماء دقیق اعتماد على النفس حزام امان یخاطر سمعة یراقب یشجع خوذة
helmet – inspire – monitor – reputation – risk – seat built – self-confidence – tiny – waterproof
1. You can wear your watch when you go swimming if it's ----------------------------.
2. It's amazing how huge trees grow from -------------------------- seeds.
3. The Olympic Games often --------------------- young people to take up a sport.
4. Please hurry up. Let's not --------------------- missing the bus.
5. You must always wear a ------------------------ in a car, whether you are the driver or a passenger.
6. When my grandfather had a heart attack, the doctors attached a special --------------- to the chest.
7. It's important to encourage young people and help them develop ------------------------.
8. Petra has a ---------------------- as a fascinating place to visit.
Answers : 1 waterproof - 2 tiny - 3 inspire - 4 risk - 5 seat belt - 6 monitor - 7 self-confidence – 8 reputation
طبیب عالم ریاضیات ھندسة عالم كیمیاء متعدد الثقافة حساب فیلسوف
Philosopher – arithmetic – Polymath – chemist – geometry – Mathematician – physician 1. My father teaches Maths. He's a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 You must not take in medicine without consulting a --------------------------------------------------
3 We learn about shapes, lines and angles when we study ----------------------------------------------
4 Mr Shahin is a true , working in all kinds of creative and scientific fields--------------------------
5 Ramzi is very good with numbers and calculations. He always scores high in --------------------
6 A is someone who thinks and writes about the meaning of life---------------------------------------
Answers : 1- mathematician 2- physician 3- geometry 4- polymath 5- arithmetic 6- philosopher
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
نفایات بیولوجیة انبعاث الكربون نمو اقتصادي اثار سلبیة تخطیط عمراني نقل عام
Public transport - Urban planning - Negative effect - Economic growth - Carbon footprint - Biological waste
1. When people talk about _____________________, they can mean either an improvement in the average
standard of living, or an increase in the value of a country’s products.
2. Pollution has some serious __________ on the environment, such as the death of wildlife and plant life.
3. We can all work hard to reduce our ______________ by living a more environmentally-friendly lifestyle.
4. If we take _________ more often, there will be fewer cars on the roads, which will result in cleaner air in our cities.
5. Hospitals need to dispose of a lot of __________ , and it should be carefully managed because it can be dangerous.
6. The need for more effective ___________ is evident when we consider modern day problems like traffic.
Answers: 1. economic growth 2. negative effects 3. carbon footprint 4. public transport 5. biological waste 6. urban planning
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
نفایات متجدد طاقة مشاة محاید صدیق خالي انبعاث مزارع فائدة
benefit – farms – footprint – free – friendly – neutral – pedestrian – power – renewable – waste 1. In hot countries, solar------------------------- is an important source of energy.
2. Green projects are environmentally ------------------------
3. Wind -------------------------- are an example of --------------------------------------- energy.
4. If a city recycles everything and doesn't throw anything away, it is zero ----------------------
5. We burn carbon whenever we use oil, coal or gas. This is known as our carbon ----------------------
6. If we replace as much carbon as we burn, we are carbon----------------------------.
7. A place where no cars are allowed is a car ---------------zone, and it is -------------------- friendly.
Answers : 1 power 2 friendly 3 farms; renewable 4 waste 5 footprint 6 neutral 7 free; pedestrian
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
صناعي وفیات طبیب اجھزة استدامة
( sustainability - apparatus - physician - mortality - prosthetic )
1. After our science lesson in the laboratory, we always help the teacher to put the ----------------- away.
2. The nature reserve uses recycled water, which help the -------------------- of the environment.
3. Athletes with ------------------- legs can take part in the Paralympics.
4. Professor Badari, aged 67, is the hospital's leading --------------------- specializing in cancer care.
Answers : apparatus - sustainability - prosthetic - physician
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
بطلاقة اختیاري درس دولة متطورة متناقض اجباري
compulsory - contradictory - developed nation - tuition - optional - fluently
1. A wealthy country is a country that is economically and socially advanced. -------------------------------------
2. Is Maths a subject that you have to do ? -------------------------------------
3. You don't have to stay after school for the chess club – It's your choice. -------------------------------------
4. Do you have Music lessons at the weekend ? -------------------------------------
5. Those statements are on different sides of the argument. -------------------------------------
6. In Jordan , pre-school and kindergarten is optional, while basic education is free and ----------------. (2016)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
كفاءة متزاید فرصة / فكرة عالمي طول العمر في الخارج
Abroad - lifelong - global - prospects - increasingly - proficiency
If you do a degree in Medicine or Law, you will find that your job --------------------- are better than
if you do a more general degree. However, language ---------------------- is becoming ------------------
- important for anyone who wants to travel or work ----------------------- for a large --------------------
- company or organisation . Remember, it is never too late to study or change career direction.
Studying is a ---------------- activity- you're never too old to start.
Answers : prospects – proficiency – increasingly – abroad – global - lifelong
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
تغذیة جفاف غذاء مفید تركیز ذاكرة دورة دمویة
( circulation - memory - concentration - beneficial - diet - dehydration - nutrition )
1. I used to eat too much junk food, but now I have a much healthier -----------------------------.
2. It’s---------------------------- to take regular breaks when revising.
3. It’s important to drink a lot of water in order to avoid----------------------------------------------.
4. Don’t sit still for too long – move around frequently to increase your----------------------------.
5. Zainab listens to music while she’s working. It helps her------------------------------------------.
6. Adnan never forgets anything! He’s got an amazing------------------------------------------------.
Answers: 1 diet 2 beneficial 3 dehydration 4 circulation 5 concentration 6 memory
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
مھني التعلیم العالي المرحة الجامعیة الاولى اكادیمي
( academic - undergraduate - postgraduate - vocational ) 1. After Naser completes his first degree, he's hoping to do a ------------------------ degree.
2. Mariam is an excellent student. She gets top marks in ------------ subjects like History, Arabic and Maths.
3. My brother has just left school. Now he's a university ----------------------------.
4. My cousin is an electrician. Instead of going to university, he did a ------------- course at a local training college.
Answers : 1. postgraduate 2. academic 3. undergraduate 4. vocational
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
سجل الداء سابق مستعد صبور یفاوض خلاف یحل الخلاف
( compromise - conflict - negotiate - patient - prepared - previous - track record ) 1. When you talk about business and try to do a deal, you _____________.
2. When you are ready for something, you are _____________ for it.
3. When you can prove that you have experience, you have a _____________.
4. When two sides disagree and argue, there is _____________.
5. When each side changes their position a little so that they can agree, they have managed to__________.
6. When you stay calm and take your time, you are being _____________.
Answers : 1 negotiate 2 prepared 3 track record 4 conflict 5. compromise 6. patient
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ترجمة مجزي اقلیمي ندوة یترجم فوري سماعات مھنة
( career - headphones - interpret - seminar - regional - rewarding - translation )
1. Please listen to the music through ____________________, so that you don’t disturb anybody.
2. I have just read a ___________________ of a book by a Japanese author.
3. In the UK, there is a central government, but there are also ______________ councils around the country.
4. My uncle is fluent in several languages. He is often able to ________ for us during conversations with foreigners.
5. Nada made a successful presentation at a__________________ in Irbid last month.
6. Doing volunteer work can be a very___________________ experience.
Answers : 1. headphones 2. translation 3. regional 4. interpret 5. seminar 6. rewarding
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
اجتماع اتفاق مھنة مسؤول ناجح مجزي امن ارتیاح یاخذ
( taking - satisfaction - secure - rewarding - successful - responsible - job - agreement - meeting )
1. Ali is thinking of _______________ a course in Agriculture.
2. I get a feeling of __________________ after a hard day’s work.
3. Make sure your online passwords are ____________________.
4. In order to work in fi nance, you need to be a very __________________ person.
5. My friend has just got a ___________________ at our local bank.
6. After a long __________________ , we managed to do a deal.
Answers : 1. taking 2. satisfaction 3. secure 4. responsible 5. job 6. meeting
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Banking and Finance Linguistics Fine Arts History Physics Law
1. You should study ------------------- if you are interested in learning about the legal system.
2. Studying --------------------- lets me focus on my love of language in an analytical way.
3. Maths has always been my strongest subject, and I feel that by studying --------------------- I can use my strength to
solve practical problems.
4. ---------------------- is a subject that I've always been interested in. Learning about modern and ancient
civilization is fascinating.
5. Economics and the global market have always interested me, but I wanted to study a subject with a clear career
path, so I chose -------------. After I graduate, I want to begin a career in investment.
Answers : 1. Law 2. Linguistics 3. Physics 4. History 5. Banking and Finance
Comprehension
1. Write down two . / Mention two . / There are two ……………. . Write them down .
2. Write down two . / Mention two . / There are two ……………. . Write them down .
3. Quote the sentence which indicates (shows / states / tells) that ---------- . Write down the sentence……..
4. Find a word / a phrasal verb which means ……………. . / which have the same meaning of …………
5. What does the underlined pronoun "it" / he / they …… refer to ?
6. ………………………. . Explain this statement , and in two sentences, write down your point of view.
Answer : I think ------------------------------------------ because + S + V ------------------------------------------------------ .
Also , -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
7. Suggest three--------- / Mention three --------------- ( reasons / results / advantages / disadvantages / ways …. )
I suggest :
- Increasing awareness - Developing skills - Developing abilities - Using social media - Decreasing --------------
- Saving time and effort - Preparing - Trying hard - Keeping trying - Doing ------------- -
- Being careful - Helping ---------- - Increasing ------------ - Making ------------ - Developing -------------
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
كلمات مھمة في القطع
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Pronouns
ضمائر الملكیة ضمائر المفعول بھ ضمائر الفاعل
I me my
he him his
she her her
we us our
They them their
You + V V + you Your + N
Rewrite the sentences by replacing the words in bol d with the correct pronouns .
( her – him – it – them )
1. The class looked at Omar in admiration when he gave a speech . ------------------------------------ 2. How did you come up with the plan ? ------------------------------------ 3. Did you leave Fatima out ? Remember, she's invited . ------------------------------------ 4. I'll look up the train times on line. ------------------------------------ 5. Farid and I are going to carry out the class survey . ------------------------------------ 6. We'll look into your complaints. ------------------------------------ 7. Fatima pointed her sister out to us and introduced us to her. ------------------------------------ 8. I don't think the robbers will get away with the crime. ------------------------------------
9. When Omar gave a speech, the class looked at ------------------- in admiration. 2018
( he , his , him , them )
ways طرق methods طرق reasons اسباب causes اسباب advantages disadvantages
results نتائج solutions حلول factors عوامل suggestions اقتراح differences اختلاف facilities منشات
difficulties صعوبات problems مشاكل punishments عقاب achievements انجازات skills مھارات changes تغیرات
features میزات qualities ص ف ا ت aims اھداف characteristics میزات ideas افكار aspects مجالات
troubles ظروف مشاكل conditions examples امثلة kinds انواع types انواع consequences
objectives اھداف goals / purposes describe یصف influence یؤثر effects / impact reasons / causes
text نص paragraph فقرة word كلمة find اوجد quote اقتبس indicate یشیر الى
tell یخبر show یبین state تبین prefer یفضل sentence جملة underlined تحتھ خط
write down اكتب justify علل suggest اقترح mention اذكر according وفقا ل following التالي
describe اوصف mean یعني steps خطوات view نظرة
The History of computers When you are using a computer, think about the technology that is needed for it (the computer) to work. People
have been using types of computers for thousands of years. A metal machine was found on the seabed in
Greece that was more than 2,000 years old. It is believed that this was the first ever computer.
1. The first ever computer in the world = A metal machine.
2. How old was the first ever computer in the world ? = 2000 years old
3. Where was it found ? = On the seabed in Greece.
4. How old have people been using computers ? = For thousands of years
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the 1940s, ( 40 – 49 ) technology had developed enough for inventors to make ( the first generation of
modern computers;) one such model was so large that it needed a room that was 167 square meters to
accommodate it. During that decade, ( 40 – 49 ) scientists in England developed ( the first computer
program.) It took 25 minutes to complete one calculation. (slow ) In 1958 CE, the computer ship was
developed.
1. Mention two inventions in 1940s .
a. The first generation of modern computers : disadvantage = large : evidence = it needed a room ……
b. The first computer program : disadvantage = slow : evidence = it took 25………. …..
2. In 1958 = a computer chip
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The first computer game was produced in 1962CE, followed two years later by the computer mouse. In
1971 CE, the floppy disk was invented, which meant that information could be shared between computers.
The first PC (personal computer) was produced in 1974CE, so people could by computers to use at home.
1. Mention two inventions in 1960s .
- 1962 = The first computer game - 1964 = The computer mouse
2. Mention two inventions in 1970s .
- 1971 : the floppy disk : aim / goal / purpose = information could be shared between computers - 1974 : The first PC . ( reason …………,so …………..result )
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In 1983 CE, people could buy a laptop for the first time. Then, in 1990 CE, the British scientist Tim
Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web. It was not until 2007 CE that the first smartphone appeared.
Today most people used their mobile phones every day.
1. In 1983 CE, = a laptop / In 1990 CE, = the World Wide Web. / In 2007 CE , = the first Smartphone
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What will happen in the future? You can already buy watches which can do the same as mobile phones.
Scientists have also developed glasses that are capable of doing even more than this.
1. Two modern inventions :
a. watches b. glasses
What is the difference between watches and glasses ?
Watches can do the same as mobile phones / glasses can do more than mobile phones . )
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Life is going to see further changes in computer technology. It is likely that all aspects of everyday
life will rely on a computer program, from how we travel to how our homes are heated.
1. Two aspects will rely on a computer program in the future =
1. how we travel 2. how our homes are heated
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Word Meaning in English Word Meaning in English
access to find information PC A personal computer
blog an online diary floppy disk A piece of plastic used to store information
calculation Using Maths to work out numbers program Instructions making a computer work
computer chip A small piece found inside a computer rely on To have trust in something or someone
smartphone A mobile phone that connects to the internet World Wide Web the internet
Using Technology in Class
Young people love learning, but they like learning even more if they are presented with information in an interesting
and challenging way. Today, I am going to give a talk about how you can use technology in Jordanian classrooms. 1. Two characteristics for the way of presenting information : a. interesting b. challenging
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Many classrooms now use a whiteboard as a computer screen. As a consequence, teachers can show
websites on the board in front of the class. Teachers can then use the internet to show educational
programmes, play educational games, music, recording of languages, and so on.
1. Reason : Using a whiteboard Result : Teachers can show websites on the board in front of the class
2. How do teachers use the whiteboard ? 1. Show websites 2: Use the internet
3. Mention the consequences = results = benefits = purposes of using the internet on the whiteboard at schools ?
= 1. show educational programmes 2. play educational games. 3. play music 4. recording of languages
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In some countries, tablet computers are available for students to use in class. Therefore, students can use
the tablets to tasks such as showing photographs, researching information, recording interviews, and
creating diagrams. Tablets are ideal for pair and group work.
1. Mention the benefits of using tablet computer : ( tasks )
1. showing photographs 2. researching information 3. recording interviews 4. creating diagrams. 2. Tablets are ideal for two things : 1. pair work 2. group work.
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Teachers can perhaps ask their students to start writing a blog ( an online diary), either about their own lives
or as if they were someone famous. They can also create a website for the classroom. Students can
contribute to the website, so for example they can post work, photos and messages.
1. Students can write a blog about two things : 1. Their own lives 2. As if they were someone famous.
2. The benefits of creating a website : 1. Post work 2. Post photos 3. Post messages
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