موضوع عن الخياطة بالانجليزي

الثوب النسيج بالانجليزي

مصطلحات النسيج بالانجليزي

قماش بالانجليزي الحرير الصوف 

ترجمة مصطلحات النسيج

مصطلحات صناعة النسيج

معجم المصطلحات والتعاريف الفنية في الصناعات النسيجية

موضوع عن الخياطة بالانجليزي

معنى نسيج

انواع النسيج

Silk is a natural protein fiber of animal origin used in the manufacture of articles and textile products. Silk proteins are long structural macromolecules composed of amino acids (mainly alanine, glycine serine) whose repetition gives rise to a hydrophobic fiber. Many arthropods produce silk in seric glands, including spiders (spider silk) and caterpillars of certain butterflies (Yponomeutes, bombyx). The ability to produce silk fibers has appeared several times during evolution1. Although insects of almost all orders secrete an equivalent protein material, only a few groups have developed a true weaving behavior of silky threads (Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Embioptera, Thysanoptera, Trichoptera and some Diptera larvae) 2.

Silk production

Silk is a textile fiber of animal origin extremely popular. It comes from the cocoon produced by the mulberry bombyx caterpillar for cultivated silk, and the Tussah silkworm (several species of caterpillar of the genus Antheraea) for wild silk.

Silk is a fiber of animal origin and not vegetable like cotton or linen. Silk thread is a very strong continuous yarn measuring between 500 and 1,500 meters long.

The spinning mill [

Each cocoon is made of only one thread called drool. To find the end of each wire, we constantly stir the cocoons with a small broom of briar (in the Cevennes and everywhere in France) or rice straw (in China). This is used to hang the first threads of reeling. Each thread being too thin, we gather several (ten) during the reeling. These are welded together through the sandstone during its cooling.

The threads are wound on "reels", the silk is then called silk "greige". This is then rolled up on skeins or "floats". A kilogram of raw silk is obtained with eight to ten kilograms of cocoon.

Weaving[

For weaving, silk is in the form of a fleet.

1. It is wrapped on a drum "the warper". This will mount the warp threads on the craft.

2. It is unwound on a "can" which will be placed in the "shuttle". This serves to weave the weft.

There is also another kind of silk organdy.

Characteristics

Silk is a natural fiber from China that has a soft and smooth appearance but does not slip. It is one of the strongest natural fibers but loses 20% of its resistance when wet. With a moderate elasticity or low elasticity, silk is sometimes replaced by rayon whose cost is lower.

Properties of silk

The following properties characterize silk:

• low thickness, it is light and pleasant

• high form resistance

• Isolates very well, warm in winter / cold in summer

• the strongest natural fiber known

• sparkles and shines

• absorbs dyes very well (silk painting, colors)

• except for maintenance, silk is one of the most pleasing fibrous materials in the world

• Advantages

Particularly nice and bright, the silk is very comfortable and extremely soft on the skin.

Because of its natural elasticity (about 15%), the silk is very wrinkle-free. Although its fiber is the finest of natural fibers, it is as strong as steel (with even fineness). It may also be mentioned among its advantages a very great affinity to dyes due to its absorbing properties.

The disadvantages of silk:

Silk is particularly sensitive to chemical attack. Sweating, deodorants and perfumes as well as unsuitable detergents can damage it.

Care

Silk is harder to treat than other fabrics. Dry cleaning is usually the preferred method for cleaning silk. If you plan to wash by hand, test a small area. Hand washing each garment separately using a specific silk detergent or mild soap is advisable to keep the silk looking good. Silk can not be bleached or soaked in prewash products. All silk items should be air dried and steam ironed on a low setting. Spinning or twisting silk clothing can ruin and damage clothes.

Condition of maintenance

As long as you take care of it, the silk objects and accessories of Val M. are created to last.

The bristles are systematically washed and ironed after stoving (final color fixing process) to check the fixing of the paints.

Like most painted or stained supports, the silk does not withstand prolonged exposure to the sun. The colors end up tarnishing.

According to the indications on the bottles of paint, glues and other varnishes, these would be solvent-free said "harmful".