How to become a lawyer?
The lawyer is one of the trades for which the selectivity in its training is the highest. This selection begins in the first year of law.
To become a lawyer in France, training in law school is the most traditional way. Law studies can begin with a 3-year course (bac + 3) at the university: the law degree. It allows in particular, after the general, technological or professional baccalaureate, to acquire the basics of law and to begin preparing the professions of legal professionals such as company lawyer, bailiff, magistrate, notary, etc.
You then have to go through a master's degree, in a university or private school, or even in political studies institutes. The master of law is usually the time to specialize in a more specific legal area. However, nothing is definitive for the rest of the career, lawyers all know the same basics of law and can move from case to case.
To become a lawyer, it is an essential step: that of the entrance examination for a lawyer school (EDA) or a Regional Center for Professional Training of Lawyers (CRFPA). It takes place during the master, whether in master 1 (bac + 4 straight) or master 2 (bac + 5 straight). The entrance examination begins with admissibility tests which are written tests:
a summary note
a test in contract law
a test of your choice between civil procedure, criminal procedure and contentious administrative procedure
If an applicant achieves an average of 10 out of 20, they are considered eligible and may proceed to the admission tests. It is composed of oral tests:
the great oral
a language oral
oral dispensation papers made up of two tests:
relating to civil enforcement proceedings and / or European and Community proceedings
relating to private accounting and / or public finance
The difficulty of its tests obliges the candidates to have recourse to a preparatory class of law to better approach the entrance exams and to increase their chances of success. It is estimated at around 30-35%. They can be followed in Institutes of Judicial Studies (IEJ).
The admitted student lawyers then enter law schools and undergo an 18-month training course, consisting of an educational project, theoretical courses and internships. The end of the training is validated by a Certificate of Aptitude of the Lawyer Profession (CAPA) which then allows you to take the bar exam. This is when you can put on the robe, take an oath and plead on your own behalf for the litigants. There are different orders of lawyers in French cities, but the Paris bar remains the toughest and the most prestigious.
Salary and career development
A young lawyer can earn around 1,800 euros net per month. His fees will be justified on the basis of his experience, skills and specialization. So his salary can increase very quickly. He can also open his own law firm, after having spent several years in a law firm as an employee.
Above all, he will be able to specialize throughout his career and acquire expert status, depending on the field chosen he may be in high demand by customers and thus ensure a comfortable salary.
For example, he can choose a specialization among these legal careers:
Company law
Constitutional right
Contract law
Labor law
Company's right
Road law
Civil right
Social right
Fiscal law
Criminal Law
Criminal law of business affairs
Public Law
Financial law
Administrative law
Family law
Trade Law
Business Law
Law of persons
Intellectual property rights
Corporate law
European law
Obligation rights
Real estate law
etc.
It can thus become:
Lawyer in business law
Appointed lawyer
Tax lawyer
General lawyer
Public law lawyer
Real estate lawyer
International lawyer
Criminal lawyer
Advocate (or lawyer with the Council of State and the Court of Cassation)
etc.
Lawyers can pursue a doctorate in law with the aim of teaching both at university and in Institutes of Judicial Studies.
If he wishes, he can also progress, resume his studies and take the entrance exams for the National School of Magistracy (ENM) or take the Superior Diploma of Notaries (DSN) to become a notary.
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