موضوع عن الاردن بالانجليزي مترجم
كيفية التحدث عن بلدك "الاردن" باللغة الانجليزية
موضوع عن الاردن بالانجليزي مترجم
موضوع عن البتراء بالانجليزي مترجم
تعبير عن السياحة في الاردن بالانجليزي
موضوع عن البحر الميت بالانجليزي
موضوع عن الاردن قصير
عادات وتقاليد الاردن بالانجليزي
information about jordan
موضوعات بالانجليزي مترجمة
موضوع انشاء انجليزي عن جرش
Jordan is an emerging economy of modest size, driven by financial services - Jordan's first Arab bank - but also tourism, commerce and real estate. With few natural resources (lack of hydrocarbons, water scarcity), Jordan is one of the countries in the region most involved in reforms (privatization, tax reforms, opening of the banking sector, etc.). The three main wealth of the country are phosphate, potash and limestone. Jordanian growth remains modest, amounting to 2% of GDP in 2016, which could nevertheless be considered satisfactory in view of regional conflicts. In 2016, the economy was mainly supported by public and private consumption. Growth is expected to reach an average of 2.6% according to World Bank forecasts for the period 2017-2019.
Jordan experienced a massive influx of mainly Syrian refugees (estimated at 1.3 million refugees). This influx is a source of economic, social and demographic pressure, and the country has decided to close its borders for fear of jihadist infiltration. Tourism and investment are decreasing. In addition, trade to Iraq and Syria is severely compromised. To help Jordan overcome these challenges, international aid projects have increased in 2016 after the country introduced the Jordan Compact project, which aims to improve the integration of refugees. For example, US annual aid was increased to US $ 1.275 billion and international donors contributed US $ 1.7 billion through a three-year aid plan. In addition, the European Union has decided to facilitate certain Jordanian exports. Since 2016, the country has also benefited from the IMF's new loans of USD 723 million and the World Bank (USD 300 million loan). The intensification of the conflict is affecting tourism, exports and investment. This trend has intensified since the first attack by the IE on Jordanian soil in December 2016. Despite this worrying situation, the economy has shown resilience, notably thanks to the good health of the financial sectors, communication And transport. Nevertheless, the country suffered from the economic downturn in the Gulf countries, which resulted in a decrease in remittances from expatriate workers. If this trend continues into 2017, the country's foreign exchange reserves will decline. In 2016, inflation was negative, due to weak commodity prices and economic stagnation. However, it is expected to rebound sharply in 2017 with the recovery in oil prices. The fiscal deficit continued to decline in 2016, thanks in particular to the end of energy subsidies and low oil prices. Nevertheless, salaries and military expenditures have increased. For 2017, the Jordanian State intends to finance its investment expenses by increasing certain taxes and removing several tax niches. These investments include a linkage program between the Red Sea and the Dead Sea. It is expected to be launched in 2018, with further investments planned for 2017 as part of the ambitious Vision 2025 development plan, to be launched in 2015.
In addition to the humanitarian and financial crisis caused by the influx of Syrian refugees, Jordan is suffering from a high and rising unemployment rate (14.6% in the first half of 2016), a high rate of poverty and Important inequalities. However, Jordan's development benefits from international aid because the country has become a stabilizing element of the Middle East by ensuring the stability of its borders.
Main sectors of activity
Agriculture accounts for 4.2% of GDP and employs 1.8% of the working population. Lack of water is an obstacle to the development of agriculture. The main crops are wheat, barley, lentils, tomatoes, aubergines, citrus fruits, olives and grapes. Phosphates and potassium are the only exploited natural resources in the country. Six uranium deposits, identified in recent years, remain unused to date, while they represent 3% of the world's reserves.
Industry (mainly pharmaceutical) and mining contribute 29.6% of GDP and employ 18.5% of the labor force, a proportion that has increased in recent years. Manufacturing, which remains rather limited, is dominated by textiles, which is currently in crisis due to international competition.
The tertiary sector, which employs 79.6% of the labor force, contributes 66.2% of GDP. Jordan is particularly active in the field of communication technologies and financial services.